Rational choice theory assumes that individuals or states make decisions by logically weighing costs and benefits to maximize their interests. It treats actors as rational agents who calculate the best course of action based on available information and preferences. This approach is widely used to explain behavior in international relations, economics, and political science.

• Dixit, A. K., & Skeath, S. (1999). Games of strategy (2nd ed.). W. W. Norton & Company.