Colonialism is a practice and policy of domination by which a nation expands its control over foreign lands, usually by establishing settlements, exploiting resources, and imposing its own political, economic, and cultural systems. Colonialism has been a major force in shaping the modern world, with lasting effects on global power dynamics, economic structures, and cultural exchanges.

• Nicholls, T. (2011). Colonialism. In D. K. Chatterjee (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Global Justice (pp. 161–165). Springer.