Globalization is the process of increasing interconnectedness and dependence among countries, cultures, and economies through the exchange of goods, services, ideas, and people. It involves the integration of markets, technologies, and cultures on a global scale, leading to greater interaction and cooperation across borders. Although the roots of globalization historically began with international trade routes and discoveries in early times, globalization in the modern sense has become evident, especially in the second half of the 20th century, with technological advances, improvements in means of communication, and the spread of free trade policies. The concept of globalization has come to the forefront, especially in the 1980s and 1990s, with the integration of the world economy and the increase in international cooperation.

• Giddens, A. (2002). Runaway world: How globalisation is reshaping our lives. Routledge.